Definition of Social Exclusion

An individual or a group is socially excluded when some type of rejection or rejection is exerted on them. discrimination. The phenomenon of social exclusion is frequently perceived today, characterized, for example, by the presence of groups of people who, not having the means or resources to support themselves, they fall out of the system and go to live in extreme poverty or maximum poverty. Social exclusion is a harsh reality in most societies and countries of the world and as it represents a failure of policies government, is normally hidden or disguised in official records so that the impact it generates on the politician in power does not be so big.

It is directly related to that of marginalization since both assume that people who suffer from such a situation are left aside by the rest of society

The causes that can generate social exclusion in one or more groups of a society are various and generally involve situations of inequality and long-standing deterioration or that have not been favorably resolved over time. Generally, economic crises that are not fully resolved allow more and more people to fall into that situation instead of limiting the number.

The concept of social exclusion has been changing throughout history and, on the other hand, is subject to the cultural context of each nation. A list of socially excluded would be almost endless: unemployed, without papers, ethnic minorities, refugees, immigrants, underemployed or single mothers, among many others. All these groups suffer or may suffer some type of social discrimination.

One of the main characteristics of social exclusion is precisely that it prevents more or less groups from important people cannot integrate both socially, professionally or culturally to the rest of the society. Thus, they are left out of all the manifestations that are established under the parameters of 'normality' and They must seek their own means or resources to subsist not only economically but also socially and culturally.

People with disabilities are still excluded due to their physical, sensory or intellectual limitations

A person who is blind, deaf or who travels in a wheelchair has obvious difficulties to integrate normally in society. To prevent this from happening, some measures have been adopted, such as positive discrimination in the public service or tax deductions for their hiring labor. Without these types of measures and without social awareness, it is more than likely that the social exclusion of these groups would be perpetuated over time.

The case of the Jews in Nazi Germany and the caste system in India

In Nazi Germany, a campaign was launched against Germans of Jewish origin. Their businesses were attacked, their assets confiscated, and millions of people were executed. The purpose of all this was definitive social exclusion.

For centuries, society in India was organized on a stratified pattern based on racial distinctions. The higher castes were considered more pure and could exercise the most socially recognized activities. At the base of the social pyramid, were the untouchables or Dalits, who were doomed to the most despicable jobs and could even only go out for a few hours of the day.

Different modalities of social exclusion

Gypsies have been persecuted throughout history. Your exclusion is related to identity cultural of this group.

Race has been another of the factors related to marginalization or social exclusion. In some Latin American countries, African Americans are still in a disadvantaged situation.

In some Arab countries, social exclusion is centered on women, whose rights are not equated with those of the population male. In many countries women continue to be excluded due to social prejudices, especially the macho mentality.