Example of Root and End in Verbs

Is named root to the part of the verb that expresses the meaning of the verb, and that generally does not change, although it may have some variations that do not alter its meaning. An example of this is the verb power. In this verb, the stem is pod- (could), which in some conjugations can have the variation can- (can) or pud- (could), which all have the same meaning.

The ending is the final part of the verb that changes and that helps us to express:

• Person
• Number and
• Weather

It is necessary to distinguish well between ending and suffixes.

In the case of verbs, the ending expresses the four qualities indicated (gender, person, number and time), and they are variable forms for each of these qualities.

Verb suffixes are forms that almost do not change, when applied to the root of the verb. The three types of suffixes that affect the verb are the infinitive (-ar, -er, -ir: swim, run, live), the gerund (-ando, -iendo: walking, seeing) and the participle (-ado, -ido, -to, -so, -cho: calm, bored, seen, converted, done). The participle is the only verb suffix that admits gender and number.

Example of root and ending in verbs:

Example 1, verb to sleep: The root is dorm- and its variant sleeps-. Some endings are:

Dorm-í (Person: first; Number: Singular; Past time)
Dorm-iste (Person: second; Number: Singular; Past time)
We slept (Person: first; Number: Plural; Past time)
Duerm-e (Person: second or third; Number: singular; Present time)
We will sleep (Person: first; number: plural; Future time)
They slept (Person: third; number: plural; past time)

Example 2: Verb Amar. The Root is am-, some of its endings:

Am-é (Person: first; Number: Singular; Past time)
Am-o (Person: first; Number: Singular; Present time)
Am-aré (Person: first; Number: Singular; Future time)
Am-aría (Person: first; Number: Singular; Time: Postpreterite)
Am-arías (Person: second; Number: Singular; Time: Postpreterite)
Am-arían (Person: first; Number: Plural; Time: Postpreterite)
Am-areis (Person: seguda; Number: plural; Future time)

Example 3 Verb to play: The root is jug- and its variant is game-:

Play
Play
They play
Let's play
Jug-ar would
Jug-arias
Jug-áis

Example 3, Verb jump: The stem is salt-:

Jump
Jump
Salt-a
Salt-an
We jumped
Salt-arías

Example 4, Verb to sleep. Its root is dorm-, its variants are dorm and sleeps:

I sleep
Do you sleep
Sleeping
Sleeping
Sleep-in
Sleep
Sleep
Sleep
Sleeping

Example 5, verb eat: has as a root com-:

What
Com-í
We eat
Com-ies
We will eat
We ate
Eat it

Example 6, verb to work, stem to work:

Job
Job
To work
Work-aran
You will work
Work-arias
Work-aron
You work