Definition of Nervous System

The Nervous system is one of the most important systems in the body, it has multiple functions that are based on receiving and process information from the environment as well as from inside the body in order to regulate the functioning of the other organs and systems, which it can do both by direct action and by supporting the endocrine system through the regulation of the release of factors stimulants of the secretion of different hormones.

How is it made?

This system is made up of the brain, cerebellum, brain stem, spinal cord and peripheral nerves, it is classified into Central Nervous System Y peripheral nervous system. The central nervous system comprises the part covered by a bone protection system formed by the skull and the vertebral canal of the vertebrae, while the peripheral nervous system is formed by the extensions or nerve paths that start from the medulla to the various tissues.

The importance of neurons

The structures of the nervous system are made up of a special type of cell known as neurons. These cells have very particular characteristics that differentiate them from other cells in the body, mainly that they have long extensions. length and do not have the ability to regenerate so that once they are injured or die, the function they carried out is lost, it is for this reason that the Neurological diseases are so devastating, they are usually progressive and there is no possibility of curing the damage, as in diseases such as dementia, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, paralysis due to strokes or spinal cord injuries and cerebral palsy among so many others.

Neurons have a body that is the cell itself and a series of processes, known as dendrites and axons, that allow you to receive and send information to other neurons with which they are related through junctions known as synapse, the mechanism in which neurons relate to each other is through the release of substances known as neurotransmitters. Neural bodies are found in the central nervous system and give rise to groupings known as substance gray, the processes of neurons are lined by a myelin sheath or envelope and form the substance White.

An information center

The nervous system has a distribution topographic information, each signal or message is transmitted by well-defined nerve conduction pathways, some of them have relays or connections in various areas of the brain, this is important to be able to carry out higher mental functions in which association is required or integration of the information as in the learning, facts like this explain the association between phenomena such as that seeing a cutting object generates a conduct protective withdrawal, by associating the object with a potential injury or even remembering a painful event due to a experience with such objects or reliving a related traumatic situation.