50 Examples of Nonverbal Predicate

The nonverbal predicate is the one who doesn't have a verb conjugated, because the nucleus function is performed by a noun, an adjective, an adverb, a verboid or a similar construction. For example: Home, great.(its core is an adjective) / The book, there.(its core is an adverb) / The key, saved.(its core is a participle)

In the bimember sentences there are two fundamental constructions; the subject and the predicate. Predicates can be:

• verbal. They are those whose nucleus is a predicative verb that is conjugated in accordance with the subject. For example: Pedro bought a house.
• nominal. They are those whose core is a linking verb which is conjugated in accordance with the subject. For example: Pedro is happy.
• non verbal. They are those that are made up of prepositional phrases or whose nucleus is a noun, an adjective, an adverb or a verboid. For example:Water, boiling.

In non-verbal predicates, the verb is elided, that is, it is not found, but is understood in the sentence, and is usually replaced by a comma. For example:The cemetery, dark. (the elided verb is "is")

Types of nonverbal predicate

Depending on what type of word or construction fulfills the function of the nucleus, the non-verbal predicate can be nominal, adverbial, verboidal or object.

Nominal nonverbal predicate

The nominal nonverbal predicate is one that provides information about the characteristics, qualities or states of the subject and whose core can be:

• A noun or a noun construction. For example: Maria, a friend.
• A adjective or an adjective construction. For example: Maria, happy.
• A preposition + term. For example: Maria, from Madrid.

In order to determine if a construction is a nominal non-verbal predicate, it must be possible to include the verbs to be or be in the sentence and the predicate has to pass to fulfill the function of obligatory subjective predicative or of attribute.

For example: María is a friend, María is happy, María is from Madrid. In these cases, "a friend", "happy" and "from Madrid" fulfill the function of obligatory subjective predicate or attribute and thus are nominal non-verbal predicates in those sentences in which the verb is elided.

Nonverbal adverbial predicate

The adverbial nonverbal predicate is one that provides information in relation to circumstances, such as place and time, and whose nucleus can be:

• A adverb or an adverbial construction. For example:Home, close.
• A preposition + term. For example:The book, in the library.

The recognition tests used to determine whether a construction is an adverbial nonverbal predicate are:

• When adding a conjugated verb, the construction has to fulfill the function of circumstantial or circumstantial complement. For example:Mario, in the office. / Mario is in the office. In this case, “in the office” fulfills the function of circumstantial complement of place.
• The construction can be replaced by an adverb. For example:Mario, over there.

Nonverbal Verboid Predicate

There are three types of verboidal nonverbal predicate:

• of infinitive. The core of this predicate is a infinitive. For example: ¿Go in bus, they?
• participle. The core of this predicate is a participle. For example:The law, approved.
• of gerund. The core of this predicate is a gerund. For example: Sun, shining bright.

The tests to determine whether a construction is a verboidal nonverbal predicate vary depending on what the verboid is:

• If it is an infinitive, the recognition test consists of conjugating the verboid. For example: ¿study little, they? / They they study little bit.
• If it is a participle, the recognition test consists of adding the verb to be conjugated to pass the sentence to passive voice. For example: Flowers, delivered./ Flowers were delivered.
• If it is a gerund, the recognition test consists of conjugating the verb or replacing it with the verbal phrase of being + gerund. For example: The dog, sleeping./ The dog sleep./ The dog is sleeping.

nonverbal object predicate

The object non-verbal predicate refers to the addressee or the entity receiving the elided action and may consist of:

• A noun or a noun construction. For example: ¿A house in the beach, me?
• The preposition to + term. For example: The books, to the poet.

To determine whether a constituent is an object verbal predicate, three recognition tests can be applied:

• A conjugated predicative verb is added and the construction has to fulfill the function of direct object or of indirect object. For example: ¿A car, the?/ Does he have a car? (the verb “has” was added and “a car” serves as a direct object) Letters, to the manager. / Leave the letters with the manager. (the verb "deje" was added followed by the pronoun "le" and "al in charge" fulfills the function of indirect object)
• If the verbs ser and estar are added, the statement does not make sense or is ungrammatical. This test makes it possible to differentiate the object non-verbal predicate from the nominal non-verbal predicate. For example: *A car is it? / *The letters are to the manager.
• The construction cannot be replaced by an adverb. This test makes it possible to differentiate the object nonverbal predicate from the adverbial nonverbal predicate. For example: *There, him? / *The letters, there.

Examples of nonverbal predicate

Nominal nonverbal predicate

1. The mountain, huge and imposing.
2. The teacher, Excellent.
3. The park, so cute.
4. green table, of wood.
5. The day, foggy.
6. The museum, very interesting.
7. The clothes, clean, dry and folded.
8. The book, incredibly funny.
9. The coffee, hot.
10. analia, the best doctor in the hospital.

Nonverbal adverbial predicate

1. Socks, in the drawer.
2. Dinner, at nine.
3. The spare wheel in the trunk.
4. Emergency exit, bottom left.
5. managers meeting, in the morning.
6. Clouds, in the sky.
7. Soup, in the metal pot.
8. Birds, in the trees.
9. football final, morning.
10. The cat, under the sofa.

Nonverbal Verboid Predicate

1. ¿Leave before the meeting is over, they? (of infinitive)
2. ¿Build the bridge in one day, the? (of infinitive)
3. ¿prepare all the food, we? (of infinitive)
4. ¿write a new book, Pedro? (of infinitive)
5. ¿change the carSandra? (of infinitive)
6. ¿falling asleep in the garden, the dog? (of infinitive)
7. the gift, opened by the birthday boy. (of participle)
8. the rental agreement, signed by landlord and tenant. (of participle)
9. Computer, fixed. (of participle)
10. The song, recorded in the studio. (of participle)
11. Dress, designed in 1990. (of participle)
12. The sculpture, made by a Renaissance genius. (of participle)
13. The news, received by all the crew members of the ship. (of participle)
14. The store, closing its doors. (from gerund)
15. They, trying to find a solution to the problem. (from gerund)
16. The plants, growing little by little. (from gerund)
17. People, leaving the cinema. (from gerund)
18. Winter, ending. (from gerund)
19. factory workers, going back to their houses. (from gerund)
20. The chef, preparing delicious dishes. (from gerund)

nonverbal object predicate

1. Martin has a house. Patricia, one apartment.
2. Guitar, to the musician.
3. Sofia bought apples and Carlos, bananas.
4. The gift, to the birthday boy.
5. research projects, to the laboratory director.
6. He drinks water and she, coffee.
7. The keys, to the goalkeeper.
8. The indications, to new employees.
9. My grandfather cooks cakes and my aunt, pizza.
10. My house has a patio and Enzo's, yard.

References

• Cano, F., Di Marzo, L., Klein, I., Masine, B., Muschietti, M., Roich, P., Seoane, C., Zunino, C., Barbeito, V., Cucci, M., and Plager, F. (2007). It is. 6. Language and literature. General Directorate of Culture and Education of the Province of Buenos Aires.
• Di Tullio, A. (1997). Spanish grammar manual. Editorial.
• Kovacci, O. (1963). The sentence in Spanish and the definition of subject and predicate. Philology, IX, 103-117.
• Martin, h. (1987). About verboidal predicates. Philology, XI, 129-136.

Follow with:

• Syntax
• Subject and predicate
• Subject and predicate core
• Sentences with subject, verb and predicate
• Sentences with subject and predicate
• simple predicate