Importance of Natural Sciences

The natural sciences are a set of scientific disciplines that study natural phenomena, through their chemical, physical and biological properties, through the observation, experimentation, measurement and analysis of data, focusing on the understanding of the laws that govern the processes of nature and the Universe in full. They are the source of the most essential knowledge that has allowed the expansion of human consciousness and its own technocratic evolution, from the first dissertations and questions that the human being made in the past, passing through increasingly deeper thoughts, so that finally all his philosophy gave way to the development of a disciplined methodological model, known as the scientific method, with which to obtain ever greater results from ever better questions.

Undoubtedly the best known branch is the biology, as part of the study of all beings that inhabit the planet, and having a large number of disciplines that stem from it, from the

botany to auxiliary sciences of the medicine, as part of the study of the microorganisms and disease-causing agents. It is also considered as part of the natural Sciences to the study of the physics and chemistry, such as analysis of the components of both the planet and the universe itself, analyzing the different phenomena that occur and serving as an auxiliary science for a large number of disciplines and branches that interact and are included in the field of study. These examples show why they are considered as cross sciences, since from a discipline principles can interact and give rise to new fields of study, with disciplines such as Biochemistry, Geophysics wave Oceanography, among other.

Scientific reasoning and development

Thanks to research in these disciplines, important new developments are achieved every day in fields such as technology, medicine, energy production and the understanding of the biological processes that occur in living organisms and in ecosystems, so the curiosity and creativity of scientists, together with the technological advances brought through engineering, will allow us to continue discovering new things about the world that surrounds us and about ourselves, thus generating a positive impact on society, becoming more than It is necessary to continue encouraging and supporting research processes in natural sciences, in order to increase these contributions to the development of humanity and the conservation of the planet.

The natural sciences have allowed the development of medical technologies that have improved the quality of life of the population. Biotechnology, genomic medicine and nanotechnology applied to medicine are some of the fields that have advanced significantly in recent years. recent years, while in the field of physics, the development of nuclear energy and technology of materials, have been the pieces fundamental for the development of the industry and the creation of new materials and even of the electronic devices that today are used in the daily life.

On the other hand, chemistry has been key to the development of the pharmaceutical industry, the creation of synthetic materials and the production of energy through processes artificially controlled and on which there is a growing interest for the development of the necessary solutions that allow reversing the consequences of the impact negative that industrialization has produced on the environment, so this will be a field of study and work with a long future ahead and a great demand for people dedicated to it.

In the same way, it is imperative to promote the study of the fundamental knowledge of these areas from the earliest childhood, in order to be able to train in the new generations a growing sense of empathy towards nature and an analytical mentality with a broader capacity for solving, towards environmental problems that must deal.

The origin of the issue

The first Greek philosophers wondered what is physicali.e. nature. They understood that it is an ordered whole and that it is governed by invariable laws and principles. For the ancient philosophers, the totality of what exists could not be explained through mythological narratives, but it was necessary to understand the totality from a rational point of view. They understood that the cause of the rain could not depend on the rain god and that the tremors of the Earth could not be explained by an outburst of a deity. As the physis was understood as a whole, the different scientific disciplines on nature were created.

The astronomy studies the immensity of the universe and the laws that govern it. The coordinates of space and time and the energy transformations that take place in them are studied in physics.

The understanding of matter and its properties is studied in chemistry. All the phenomena related to life are integrated into some biological discipline, such as botany or zoology. Everything related to the Earth is integrated into some branch of geology.

These general branches of the natural sciences are creating more specific disciplines. Likewise, combined branches are formed, such as astrophysics, biochemistry or science. biotechnology.

They are all based on the scientific method.

Although each particular natural science has a defined content, they all use the scientific method. In a very simplified way, it is a rigorous and experimental procedure based on the following sections: observation of the facts, formulation of an explanatory hypothesis related to the facts described, contrasting the hypothesis experimentally and, finally, the elaboration of a scientific law.

The combination of various laws within an area forms a scientific theory.

A reflection on the classic distinction between natural sciences and social sciences

Just as the concept of nature is incomprehensible and requires a certain subdivision, the idea of ​​science is too general and imprecise. The distinction between social and natural is valid from a classification point of view, but it should not be interpreted as two entirely separate domains. In fact, the natural and social sciences revolve around the human being.

If we think of a doctor, we are dealing with a health specialist and his decisions affect individuals and society as a whole. The studies of a geologist allow to establish human settlements and live in society.

A scientific treatise is written with grammatical rules, which are integrated into a humanistic discipline, the philology, These simple examples remind us that the classical distinction between science and letters has a merely orientative.

References

Aduriz-Bravo, A. (2005). An introduction to the nature of science: Epistemology in the teaching of natural sciences. Buenos Aires: Economic Culture Fund, 2005.

Asensi-Artiga, V., & Parra-Pujante, A. (2002). The scientific method and the new philosophy of science. In Annals of Documentation (Vol. 5, p. 9-19). Faculty of Communication and Documentation and Publications Service of the University of Murcia.

Sanchez, a. C., & Gomez, R. R. (2013). Teaching natural sciences for the development of scientific skills. Amazonia Investigates, 2(3), 30-53.

Serway, R. A., & Jewett, J. W. (2009). Physics for science and engineering with modern physics. Cengage Learning Publishers.