Cell Characteristics

Cell is the name given to the small biological particles discovered by Robert Hooke in 1665, using a microscope made by himself. Cells can be defined as the smallest complete biological unit that exists, in which there are various features, such as having the ability to perform biological functions.

1. Nutrition
2. Relationship and
3. Reproduction

They can exist in unicellular or multicellular entities and their dimensions can vary in sizes.

When cells meet, they can produce organs as diverse as the heart, the liver, or the brain itself.

Main characteristics of the cell:

Biology.- Cells are the smallest complete biological part, this can be a unicellular entity or be part of other entities such as animals and plants.

Reproduction.- Cells have two types of reproduction

1. Reproduction by mitosis.- This reproduction occurs in unicellular entities, in this reproduction the cell is divided into two equal parts with the same genetic information.
2. Reproduction by meiosis.- Meiosis consists of sexual reproduction in which the so-called stem cell is divided into a diploid number of chromosomes "2n" (two chromosomal complements) and from this four “daughter cells” are obtained that are haploid, (each cell contains exclusive genetic information), this only occurs in the sexual reproduction and its purpose is to avoid the replication of genetic information, which produces new individuals with their own information by recombination and finally two meiotic divisions.
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Cell parts

Core.- It is surrounded by a membrane, in this are DNA molecules that are found with proteins called chromosomes.

The information contained is prepared to achieve the copy with characteristics identical to the original. It has holes (nuclear poles) that allow it to have the necessary modifications to become ribosomes.

Cytoplasm.- This is found in the cell with the exception of the nucleus and has organelles that allow it to perform other necessary functions.

Cytoskeleton.- It is how the conduits or protein filaments of the cytosol are called; this is found in all existing cells.

Mitochondria.- These are found in most eukaryotic cells and are the energy producers for the cell and the process carried out is called respiration.

Chloroplasts.- These have more complex structures and are mainly found in plants. They produce the necessary oxygen and proteins.