Company Characteristics

Society is called the set of people who have common characteristics, such as their history, customs, language, myths, religion, beliefs, art, science, economy, and cultural values ​​belonging to a population that has a territorial coexistence, and common lifestyle among its members, which may be concentrated in one sector, (such as indigenous societies within a country, which have their own customs) or national, (where society encompasses the different facets of the various groups that make it up). integrate.

There are several basic ways to classify human societies:

According to its historical evolution:

1. Pre-industrial

Which is subdivided into:

• Hunters and Gatherers
• Agriculture and Livestock

1. Industrial

Or as follows:

1. Social (Civil Society) (Altruistic or charitable society)
2. National (Nation, Community, town etc.)
3. Technological (Industrial and properly technological)

These in turn can be divided into:

• Simple or Primitive, where the social structure is simple, having a head, which can be patriarchal or matriarchal, in which the Oldest member or strongest warrior plays the role of leader, where the tasks are not yet very specified for the members.
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• Complex societies, the latter is subdivided into pre-industrial societies and industrial societies.

1. In pre-industrial societies, social stratification is already complex, and functions are distributed among members, such as fishing, agriculture, livestock, mining, crafts, government and else.
2. Similarly, in industrial societies there is a marked social stratification, in which the members fulfill different functions, such as in industry, commerce, services, government, administration, etc., and have a marked urbanization unlike of pre-industrial societies where despite having urbanization, activities were preferably focused on the field rural.

Another way to classify societies is by the predominant type of culture in them; An example of this are the groups called Western society, Eastern societies, Islamic society, African societies, which in turn include more particular societies, each with its own characteristics, as in the case of western society where different societies such as the French, Mexican, or German, or in the case of Asian companies, which include companies with marked differences such as India, China, or the Japanese.

Some of the Characteristics that companies have:

The different societies, both primitive and current, are based on the cellular unit that is conformed by the family, being the father or in his case the mother, the pillar of that structure fundamental.

It is characteristic of society the creation of moral norms, rules of conduct or laws, with which the foundations are laid for avoid conflicts between individuals, and in the event of conflicts take measures for their resolution.

The members have a series of representative aspects of themselves, which are reflected in the other members of that society in particular and differentiate them from other similar societies, and may be ethnic, religious, linguistic, cultural, or others.

In societies there is a stratification; there are certain people who have a higher rank than the majority, this may have an origin in different causes, such as being descendants of the first inhabitants of the place or a local leader, or in the particular case of ancient societies, in the belief of the designation or descent of some by a deity. This type of society is static in its structure, an example of which is the ancient Sumerian or Indian societies, where the stratification was established and was immovable.

This type of society existed in various places and times, such as in the Spanish colonies of America, where there was a very marked hierarchy depending on ethnic origin, being at the top Peninsular whites, followed by Creoles, mestizos, blacks and other “castes”, at present this social system persists in places like India, in the so-called “caste society”.

In its political structure some are:

• Headless, where there is no determined leader, (this type is common in primitive societies where the The social hierarchy is not instituted and there is a communal life in which the members have the same power of decision.
• Autocratic, where a ruler makes decisions in a unipersonal way and society is coupled to the ruler's designs.
• Theocratic where the rulers and laws are based on the designs of religion.
• Democratic societies are societies where there is a certain power exercised by the people through their representatives, and it is based on a rule of law.

Characteristics of archaic societies:

In early societies, tasks were not permanently established for members of the community, being rather resulting from the convenience of the moment, as in the gathering of fruits by women and children, while men hunted.

Characteristics of ancient societies:

In the first agricultural societies, a tendency towards production is observed, through the use of slave labor, creating a lower stratum in the pyramid social, that of slaves, who unlike the members of society proper lacked rights and benefits except those that the master could grant them.

In this type of society, productive activities are centered in rural areas, commerce exists but through the media it is deficient.

Due to the fact that communications are difficult both by sea and by land, the differences between one society or another are more evident, as there are no permanent contacts between the different societies.

Characteristics of current societies:

In modern or industrial societies, there is a centralization of government powers, which is a consequence of the machining of industry, which in turn causes the migration of large sectors of the population towards urban centers, causing greater urbanization and creating an accentuation of the urbanization of society, to the detriment of society rural.

Within the current global society, there are the so-called Western society, Eastern society, Islamic society, African society, Christian society and others, which in turn include smaller and more specific branches in which characteristics of each. This is the case of Western society where religious societies such as the Christian are found, which in turn are divided into Catholic and others, encompassing territories and varied populations within a given geographical area, as is the case in southern Europe where there are Catholic societies, such as the Spanish, Portuguese and Italian, or societies that despite having common ethnic and linguistic features, such as German and Austrian, have traditions, customs, religion, and in general cultures different.

One of the singularities that current societies possess is that there is a socio-cultural diversity; Societies are currently characterized by the inclusion of smaller groups in which there are racial, cultural, religious or other differences, an example of this It is the society of Canada, where people of Asian, African, European and American origin coexist, with great diversity in culture, religion, gastronomy, languages ​​and traditions.