Definition of Ultraviolet Rays (UV)

Ultraviolet rays (hereinafter UV) refer to a phenomenon of nature: light. Those electromagnetic waves that go beyond the spectrum visible colors and, specifically violet, are UV rays (here the Greek prefix ultra means beyond).

These radiations are variable in their wavelength (ranging between 400 and 10 nanometers) and can be subdivided into three regions: UVA, UVB and UVC. The former are long-wave and are the closest to visible light. The latter have a shorter wavelength and can damage the skin, although fortunately most of these rays are absorbed by the ozone layer that protects the atmosphere. C radiation is shorter and more damaging, as it is absorbed by the atmosphere.

The sun's rays are essential in most natural processes and life is unthinkable without the phenomenon of light. However, UV rays carry a number of health risks and doctors advise keeping this in mind.

Main health risks

Solar UV radiation has increased due to the depletion of the ozone layer. Consequently, there are a number of risks to consider:

- Effects on the skin (mainly burns and wrinkles), which can lead to serious long-term problems if the exposition solar is prolonged.

- UV rays can cause serious problems to the eyes (to the cornea or to the macula) and for this reason reason It is advisable to use adequate sun protection, even if the day is not particularly sunny.

In this way, dermatologists and ophthalmologists are the medical professionals who best know the damaging effects of UV rays on health.

positive effects

The negative effects are well known, but the positive ones not so much. UV radiation is the main source of vitamin D in our body, which favors the absorption calcium from the bones and activates our immune system.

On the other hand, UV light is used in some disinfection (UV rays remove some microorganisms).

UV rays increase the production of brain neurotransmitters, so there is a benefit in the mood. For this reason, some treatments for depression recommend exposure to the sun.

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