Concept in Definition ABC

The skin disease are the diseases that affect the skin and its attachments that include hair and nails. When this condition is inflammatory or infectious, then the term dermatitis is used.

Dermatoses have many causes such as exposition some chemicals, physical agents and factors mechanical.

Main causes of dermatosis

Mechanical factors such as falls, rubbing, trauma and bruising are capable of causing skin lesions, among which the following stand out for their frequency:

Bleeding One of the most frequent injuries is trauma-related bruising or ecchymoses in which there is a loss of blood towards the superficial layers of the skin. They differ from hematomas because the latter are more deeply localized collections of blood that have the shape of a nodule, hence they are commonly known as "bump".

Hyperkeratosis Other very common injuries occur on the feet and hands, they correspond to thickening called hyperkeratosis or calluses, they are due to the continuous friction produced especially by the

footwear or the use of implements as personal protective equipment for use labor, sports or recreational.

Blisters In general, blister-type lesions are due to friction burn or heat exposure, they are recognized as vesicles of very thin skin filled with a yellowish liquid, there are other diseases capable of producing blisters such as pemphigus which is a disease autoimmune, perniosis that is located in the ears being related to changes in temperature and herpes zoster or chickenpox that is infectious in origin.

Urticaria. It is a disorder of allergic origin in which a substance called histamine which is capable of causing redness and elevation of the skin that is accompanied by itching, it can occur due to exposure to some substance, by changes in temperature or by the bite of insects such as mosquitoes or Mites.

Exposure to the sun can produce various dermatoses

Sunlight is a source of ultraviolet rays capable of causing various skin lesions or aggravating existing ones. The main conditions due to these rays include sunburn, photodermatosis consisting of the appearance of lesions in bare areas after sun exposure and phytophotodermatitis which is a spot-shaped rash that is due to the activation of chemical substances contained in plants and food After exposure to the sun, an example of this is the spots on the skin produced by lemon or by cola drinks that come into contact with the skin in recreational situations such as going to the Beach.

Nutrient deficiencies also affect the skin

The skin, hair and nails reflect the feeding. Vitamin and mineral deficiency is often associated with changes in the skin, although there are many manifestations of nutritional deficiencies. Major symptoms include anemia causing paleness, zinc deficiency causing reddish lesions with very extensive skin loss and ulceration, vitamin B3 or niacin that produces the disorder known as pellagra, as well as the lack of vitamin A and biotin that are associated with peeling of the skin and sagging hair related.

Photo: iStock - Michael Sick

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