How are oxides named? (with examples)

Aoxide it's a chemical compound arising from the combinations of a metallic element or non-metallic with oxygen. For example: calcium oxide (combination of calcium and oxygen), sulfur dioxide (combination of sulfur and oxygen).

Oxides are usually formed when chemical elements they combine with air or water, which have a large presence of oxygen, which causes wear on the elements, especially when it comes to metals. To remedy this, many times antioxidant substances.

Within the oxides, a classification according to the element with which oxygen is combined:

Nomenclature of oxides

To name these types of substances, there are three possible ways to do it:

1. The traditional (or stoichiometric) nomenclature

Add a series of prefixes and suffixes to the name of the element (metallic or non-metallic) depending on the amount of oxidation numbers it has.

Also, if it is a basic oxide it is written ‘oxide of (metal name with its respective prefixes and suffixes)’ and if it is an acid oxide it is usually also written ‘anhydride (metal name with its respective prefixes and suffixes)’.

1. The systematic nomenclature

This nomenclature is simpler than traditional, and the oxide is named by writing the word 'oxide of' and then the name of the element, but writing before each one of them the prefix that corresponds to the number of atoms it has in that compound chemical.

The mono- prefix is ​​for a single atom, the di- prefix for two, the triple- for three, the tetra- prefix for four, the prefix penta- for five, the prefix hexa- for six, the prefix hepta- for seven and the prefix octa- for eight.

This group includes, for example, the dicobre monoxide (Cu₂OR), the dialuminium trioxide (Al₂OR₃), the carbon dioxide (CO₂), or the difluorine monoxide (F₂OR).

1. Stock nomenclature

The word "oxide" is written, followed by the name of the metal and the oxidation number with which it works, in parentheses and in Roman numerals. Analogously to the traditional nomenclature, it will be written chlorine (I) oxide for hypochlorous oxide (Cl₂OR), chlorine (III) oxide for chlorous oxide (Cl₂OR₃), chlorine oxide (V) for chloric oxide (Cl₂OR₅), Y chlorine oxide (VII) for perchloric oxide (Cl₂OR₇).

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