How are acids named? With examples!

The acids They are chemical compounds who have a pH less than 7. This means that in contact with water they produce a higher activity of the hydronium cation (H₃OR⁺ or abbreviated, H⁺) than that of pure water.

There are different theories to define an acid:

Acid nomenclature

Acids can be named using several types of nomenclature:

If they are oxoacids, they are named as follows:

Estate

You can call root of the acid nomenclatureor to the word that is put to indicate the name of the non-metal. For example:

1. Sulfur. Root: sulfur. Symbol: S. Examples: sulfurous acid (H₂SW₃), sulfuric acid (H₂SW₄)
2. Bromine. Root: brom. Symbol: Br. Examples: hypobromous acid (HBrO), bromous acid (HBrO₂), bromic acid (HBrO₃), perbromic acid (HBrO₄)
3. Carbon. Root: carbon. Symbol: C. Examples: carbonic acid (H₂CO₃)
4. Chlorine. Chlor root. Symbol: Cl. Example: Hypochlorous acid (HClO) chlorous acid (HClO₂), chloric acid (HClO₃), perchloric acid (HClO₄)
5. Chrome. Root: chrom. Symbol: Cr. Examples: chromic acid (H₂CrO₄), dichromic acid (H₂Cr₂OR₇)
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6. Match. Root: phosphor / phosphon. Symbol: P. Example: phosphonic acid (H₃PO₃), phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄)
7. Manganese. Root: mangan. Symbol: Mn. Examples: manganic acid (H₂MnO₄), permanganic acid (HMnO₄)
8. Nitrogen. Root: nitr. Symbol: N. Examples: nitrous acid (HNO₂), nitric acid (HNO₃), hyponitrous acid (H₂N₂OR₂)
9. Selenium. Root: seleni. Symbol: Se. Examples: selenium acid (H₂SeO₃), selenic acid (H₂SeO₄)
10. Silicon. Root: silic. Symbol: Yes. Examples: metasilicic acid (H₂Yes₃), orthosilicic acid (H₄Yes₄), disilicic acid (H₂Yes₂OR₅), pyrosilicic acid (H₆Yes₂OR₇)
11. Tellurium. Root: tellur. Symbol: Te. Examples: tellurous acid (H₂TeO₃), telluric acid (H₂TeO₄)
12. Iodine. Root: yod. Symbol: I. Examples: iodic acid (HIO₃), periodic acid (HIO₄)

If they are binary acids (composed of hydrogen and a non-metallic element) they are named:

The word 'acid' is written followed by the root of the name of the nonmetal with the ending 'hydric'. For example: hydrochloric acid (HCl_(ac)), hydrobromic acid (HBr_(ac)).

In these cases it is important to clarify that you must put (ac) (which means that it is in aqueous solution) in the formula of the acid to specify that we are formulating the acid and not a volatile hydride, for example, hydrogen chloride (HCl).

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