Definition of Fundamental Forces

The scientific community maintains that nature and the universe as a whole are explainable from the understanding of four fundamental forces: electromagnetic, strong, weak and gravitational. With the four explanatory models related to them, it is possible to understand the different phenomena of reality.

The unification of these "powers" is known in the scientific community with a denomination, the standard model, which is not a theory uniform elaborated by a scientist, but is the result of a combination of proposals developed throughout the history of the science.

On the other hand, this model unifies the theory of relativity and quantum theory. The particles that make up matter and that are the protagonists of this model are divided into two groups: fermions and bosons. The former are the constitutive elementary particles of any matter and the latter hold the fermions together.

Electromagnetic force

The behavior of magnets, rays, light or electricity It is explainable from the laws of electromagnetism. Likewise, the interaction between light and matter or the internal structure of matter

scale atomic are also phenomena that can be understood within the framework of this force fundamental.

Currently electromagnetism is integrated into the well-known QED or quantum field theory.

Strong and weak power

Starting in the 1930s, quantum mechanics began to unravel the enigmas that surround atoms. In this sense, it was discovered that gravity and electromagnetism were not the only guidelines that govern the universe. To the investigate the structure of atoms, quantum physicists discovered two new sources: the strong nuclear and the weak nuclear.

The first works by holding the nucleus of each atom together and groups together both protons and neutrons.

The second is the one that allows neutrons to become protons through radiation.

Both made the use of atomic bombs possible.

Gravitational force

The law universal gravitation is the principle that governs this Energy. Through it we can explain the movements of the planets around the Sun, since their elliptical trajectory is kept uniform by the effect of gravity.

The law of gravitation states that any pair of masses that exist in the universe attract between yes with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and, at the same time, said attraction it is inversely proportional to the square of the distance that separates the centers of mass of both bodies.

Thanks to the law of gravity we can understand the movement as a whole and all the aspects that intervene in it, such as inertia or acceleration.

In short, between gravity and motion there is a relationship, known as the equivalence principle.

Photos: Fotolia - drpilulkin / coffeekai

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