Definition of Romanesque Art

The Romanesque art was a style artistic that dominated Europe between the 11th and 13th years.

This type of art consists of a quite heterogeneous group in which different proposals have been combined: Christian art, the various options that stood out in the early Middle Ages, such as Byzantine, Roman, Pre-Romanesque, Germanic, and Arabic. From all of them, a specific and coherent type of language became manifest in the different artistic proposals: sculpture, architecture, painting, among other.

As it was not the result of a single moment, of a single nationality, country and region, it is that in each country that appeared, Italy, Germany, Spain and France, did it in a very local way, with its own characteristics, although, this situation does not remove enough unity that also flaunted and that is what caused it to be considered as the first international artistic style typical of Europe.

Meanwhile, his birth is considered to have been the result of various situations that began to occur after the 8th century, for example, the arrival of the French

Capetians, the consolidation and diffusion achieved by Christianity, the beginning of the Reconquest in Spain and very especially the appearance of the Romance languages. Around the year 1000, an incipient economic expansion such as cultural unleashed a veritable fever for building and then that's where Romanesque art took on as such.

So, although as we said that each Nation imposed its own idiosyncrasy on the final result of the movement Romanesque art, the truth is that it also presented universal elements, in architecture, these were: a pillar composed of a prismatic core, the semicircular arch, the vault cover, the original dome over the horns, apses, buttresses, bent arches, monumental sculpture but applied to architecture and friezes decorative.

The sculpture, for its part, was closely linked to architecture, that is, it has been taken as a complementary element of this last one and appears mainly dedicated to the teaching of the different biblical scenes with stone reliefs so that they were credible for the believers.

And regarding Painting, a sum of styles can also be appreciated: of imitation Byzantine, Carolingian, Visigoth, Romanesque, Irish and their related from the North.

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