Computer Features

Computers are electronic devices that serve multiple activities and today the use of these covers all fields.

Computers are not limited to so-called PCs, (personal computer), or laptops, as they also include new mobile devices, (Smart phons), to vehicle devices (trip computers, and engine computers), factory device computers etc.

Computers were invented in times of the second world war and it is even believed that in times of the first war their beginnings were already established, but Following the clear concept that it is a computer (from the Latin computare which is to count), and programming, it can be said that in 1804 Jean Marie Jacqard, developed a programmed device that fulfilled the function of embroidery, followed by the punch cards of Charles Babbage that were already inserted in a sorting machine in base electrical.

Structure and characteristics of the current computer:

Currently the computer is based on a series of devices, which fulfill various functions.

Hadwere
(Physical devices)

Motherboard.- The motherboard (motherboard) is the phenolic card in which the other devices are added; motherboards can vary widely based on your needs and so in a car, the computer can be a motherboard with a series of chips (BIOS), which have the necessary information for the operation of the vehicle. In mobile devices, laptops, and desktops, the motherboard is where peripheral devices are mounted.

Processor.- This is the main device, which transmits the functions and orders, processing them and doing what is indicated, in current machines. processors have two or more cores and even in mobile devices such as tablets and phones, multi-core processors are used.

RAM.- The so-called ram memory is a small device in which the data that is being handled is loaded at the time the power is turned on. computer, this data changes at every moment according to the handling that is given to the computer and generally the system is loaded there operational.

ROM memory.- This memory is the memory necessary to load the system and is mainly found in the mobile devices, it is independent of the ram memory and saves the basic functions of the device.

HDD.- It also requires a base in which the data is saved permanently and that has the ability to be erased and written constantly, this function is complies with the hard disk, which can currently reach capacities of up to three terabytes, regardless of whether larger external disks can be added capabilities. In mobile devices, solid state hard drives are currently used, which are more resistant to shocks and have sufficient capacity to withstand the work that is applied to them.

Power supply.- Or power source, this is what powers any device, and it can vary depending on the type of computer that exists. In mobile devices such as phones and laptops, the power source is a transformer that can vary its voltage from 12.v to 24.v and in telephones they are usually 3.5v to 5.5v batteries that vary from 800 milli-amps to 1500 milli-amps in the higher duration. In desktop computers as well as in servers, they usually have power sources of between 350 to 700 Watts, which allow to support the requirements of the devices. In the power sources, the tips may vary, as there are processors with a requirement higher voltage and current, which must have extra tips that connect to the plates base.

Ventilation.- This is an extremely important part, since the good or bad ventilation of a device will depend on the useful life of the computer, and even in mobile devices such as tablets or phones, their construction and temperature diffusion are very important. Aluminum plates, thermal paste and fans are used in the devices as temperature diffusion medium, and there are even server machines that carry cooling by coolant and radiator, similar to those automotive.

USB.- These are ports that according to their acronym in English USB are (universal serial bus), they have two universal data inputs, (the center poles) and current input (the poles of the shores). Its function allows you to connect an infinity of devices such as printers, telephones, USB sticks, fans, cameras, etc. to the same port.

Net.- This is a feature on all devices, and the network can be connected in two basic ways.

a) Using rj45 cable and
b) Through an air network, with a wireless router.

Thus, all types of devices such as tablets, phones, laptops, PCs, cars, etc. can be connected and transmitted data.

Floppy disk.- This is a data storage device that has practically disappeared, but at the time it was one devices with which operating systems were loaded directly and secondary programs. Today most computers do not have the input for this device, which was displaced by the USB device.

Optical unit.- This unit called CD rom, DVD rom or Blu ray Rom, are the most widely used input and storage devices so far, and They are used to transport data such as movies, programs, photographs, filming, etc., as long as they are in the digital. Despite its wide distribution and practicality, it has begun to fall into disuse, especially due to hard drives. external, which have greater capacity, which has caused the existence of netbooks, which do not have such device.

Monitor.- This is an alternate device on personal computers, which allows the display of managed data with the computer, and in laptops, tablets and smartphones, they can be mixed with the mouse and keyboard, because they are of type tactile.

Mouse.- This is one of the most useful peripheral devices, and allows you to perform two-button functions main and a wheel called scroll and as mentioned before, it can be integrated into touch screens or touch.

Keyboard.- This is the most common device and one of the most common means of information entry, and due to its wide dissemination and practicality, it is imitated within touch or touch screens and even usb keyboards are sold for such devices.

software
(Logic devices)

Operating system.- This is the base system on which the other commands that are installed run; the operating system is a Program which has the function of loading into memory and safeguarding the administration of other logic programs, as word processors, data, video, audio and very diverse programs for functions in specific.

Controllers or drivers.- These are programs for interaction with both internal and external devices, and they are the ones that control the printers, screens, keyboards and various devices whether internal or external and are usually included in the packages attached to devices in small discs.

Programming.- These are software that is intended to create other software, and therefore are of little use to people in general, but As is known, these are extremely useful because in the hands of an expert they allow the creation of utility programs for the rest of the U.S.

Variety.- With the knowledge of what software is, we can derive the existence of a lot of software created to carry out various activities such as:

• Diagnosis
• School
• IT
• Doctor
• Justice
• Games etc.