Example of Chemical Compounds

The Chemical compounds they are pure substances whose structural units are molecules. A chemical compound is result of the combination of two or more chemical elements.

Chemical Compounds, rather than Elements, are present in everything that exists In the universe. In fact, it is more difficult to find free Chemical Elements than Compounds.

From minerals, made up of compounds such as binary salts and oxisalts, to living organisms, made up of Proteins, Carbohydrates, Lipids, Chemical Compounds have a wide presence.

Characteristics and properties of Chemical Compounds

Physical state

Chemical compounds manifest themselves in nature in a physical form, whether solid, liquid or gaseous, which will always allow them to be identified.

Density

Chemical Compounds are Matter. And being matter, they will cover a volume. One understanding is that, if the Compound molecules are small, they will naturally meet more compact with each other, promoting that there is more mass in a volume, what is a Higher density.

Melting and Boiling Points

All existing compounds have their three physical manifestations: Solid, Liquid and Gaseous. At room temperature, it is remarkable what physical state they are in.

The Melting point It is the Temperature at which a Solid melts or melts, becoming a liquid. It is also called Freezing Point, because it indicates the change between liquid and solid. It can be said that at the lowest temperature, Absolute zero (0 Kelvin), all compounds would be theoretically Solid.

The Boiling point It is the temperature at which a liquid begins to boil to transform into a gas. It can be said that at the highest temperature, all compounds would theoretically be Gaseous.

Stability

Chemical Compounds are formed precisely so that the atoms of the Elements find their chemical stability, through bonds that complement their valence electrons.

Reactivity

Chemical compounds are capable of interacting with other compounds, or with pure Elements, in such a way that they are transformed during a chemical reaction to form new substances. Some are more Reactive than others.

The factors that modify Reactivity are the Temperature, the Pressure, the Physical State and the Quantity of the substance with which the compound participates in the chemical reaction.

Each type of chemical compound is distinguished by a particular way of acting. Such as those that behave as Acids and Bases, which are governed by the Acid-Base Theories.

Solubility

Especially if it is those formed by Ionic bonds, Chemical Compounds can get involved with Water to form Aqueous Solutions, with the compound ions dispersed in the medium, capable of conducting an electric current.

Classification and types of Chemical Compounds

The wide variety of chemical compounds can be organized according to two simple criteria:

1. By the Links that Form them: Ionic Compounds and Covalent Compounds
2. By its Chemical Nature: Inorganic Compounds and Organic Compounds

Ionic Compounds and Covalent Compounds

The Chemical Elements that make up the Compounds are capable of generating bonds, but it will depend on the same Elements what type of Bond it is.

In the Ionic Bond, the atoms will be united by the electrostatic charges that their valence electrons generate. They are capable of dissociating in Water, generating aqueous solutions that can conduct an electric current.

In the Covalent bond, the atoms will retain each other thanks to the fact that one of them will share its valence electrons so that another receives them. These bonds are generally strong and are not so easily disturbed by water.

Inorganic Compounds and Organic Compounds

Inorganic Compounds are identified by being part of mineral materials. They represent precisely the Inorganic chemistry. Among them are the You go out, the Oxisales, the Hydracids, the Oxyacids, the Hydrates, the Oxides, the Hydroxides, the Peroxides.

Organic Compounds are identified by being part of living matter and Compounds whose structural base is the Carbon Element. They therefore represent the Organic chemistry. Among them are Hydrocarbons (Alkanes, Alkenes, Alkynes), the Alkyl Halides, the Alcohols, the Aldehydes, the Ketones, the Carboxylic acids, the Anhydrides, the Esters, the Ethers, the Amines, the Amides, the Aromatic Compounds, the Phenols, the Organometallic, the Amino acids, the Protein, the Carbohydrates, the Polymers, the Heterocyclic Compounds, the Terpenes, and many other Compounds resulting from the combination of the above.

Examples of Inorganic Chemical Compounds

Sodium Chloride NaCl

Calcium Chloride CaCl₂

Ferrous Sulfide FeS

Potassium K Sulfide₂S

Ammonium Hydroxide NH₄Oh

Ammonium Sulfate (NH₄)₂SW₄

Calcium Phosphate Ca₃(PO₄)₂

Silver Nitrate AgNO₃

Potassium Nitrate KNO₃

Hydrochloric Acid HCl

Hydrogen Sulfide H₂S

Nitric Acid HNO₃

Sulfuric Acid H₂SW₄

Magnesium Sulfate Heptahydrate MgSO₄* 7H₂OR

Magnesium Sulfate Pentahydrate MgSO₄* 5H₂OR

Ferric Oxide Fe₂OR₃

Magnetite Faith₃OR₄

Sodium Oxide Na₂OR

Hydrogen Peroxide H₂OR₂

Barium Peroxide BaO₂

Examples of Organic Chemical Compounds

Methane CH₄

Ethane C₂H₆

Propane C₃H₈

Methyl Alcohol CH₃Oh

Ethyl Alcohol C₂H₅Oh

Methyl Chloride CH₃Cl

Ethyl Chloride C₂H₅Cl

Formic Acid HCOOH

Acetic Acid CH₃COOH

Sodium Benzoate C₆H₅Na

Terbutyl Lithium C (CH₃)₃Li

Ethyl Magnesium Bromide C₂H₅MgBr

Ethyl Ether C₂H₅OC₂H₅

Glucose C₆H₁₂OR₆

Sucrose C₁₂H₂₂OR₁₁

Methylamine CH₃NH₂

Ethyl Amine C₂H₅NH₂

Acetone CH₃Car₃

Methyl Mercaptan CH₃SH

Ethyl Mercaptan C₂H₅SH