Example of Logical Principles

On logic there is a very important branch, which science in general makes use of. These logical principles are the ones that ultimately explain the validity of thinking. To these principles all objects and sciences ultimately submit.

The logical principles are the following:

1. Principle of identity,
2. Principle of notcontradiction,
3. Principle of excluded third, Y
4. Principle of sufficient reason.

Examples of logical principles:

1. The principle of identity.

In the principle of identity "every object is identical to itself", for this reason in physical terms it can be applied to tangible things; With regard to ideas, the following can be understood: "All thought is identical to thought itself." It is clear that by talking about thoughts, one can reach the conclusion that said idea cannot be questioned by another idea, be it marginal or complementary.

The concept that is established must be like: "thought exists" and we think about it knowing that to think about it we make use of the idea itself, of thought.

2. Principle of non-contradiction.

In the principle of non-contradiction, "a thing cannot be and not be at the same time." It is obviously the opposite of the principle of identity.

We can say with this, that a thing cannot be red and white at the same time, or square or round at the same time; it can be red and then white, but not at the same moment, and in the same way it can be square first and round later, but not at the same moment.

3. Principle of excluded third party

According to this principle, when two judgments are opposed, one must be true and the other false, excluding a third possibility that can establish the truth or falsity of the previous two.

As a consequence in a trial, we can only affirm or deny its falsehood or truth, there is no third possibility; or in other words between truth or falsehood there is no middle ground.

"Julio is a man"
"Julio is not a man"

When you exclude one, the other will be true.

4. Principle of sufficient reason.

"Every object must have a sufficient reason", (This is the contribution that Guillermo Leibnisz made to formal logic), "Everything must have a cause that sufficiently explains its existence "and" Every thought must find a principle on which its validity rests enough",

The sufficient reason, frames the method that the sciences must follow to explain each one of the thoughts, phenomena or facts, that require of the same explanation. Or in a clear way it consists of discovering the ideas on which thought rests and it will force each one to look for a reason that explains it sufficiently. It constitutes the complement of the other three logical principles.